Add VAT to a price, or take it back out of one that already includes it. UK rates of 20%, 5% and 0%, or set your own.
Total including VAT
£120.00
The working
Check this before you rely on it. A free everyday calculator, provided as a guide — not tax, accounting, financial or legal advice. The working is shown above so you can verify it against your own figures. See our terms of use.
Adding VAT starts from a price before VAT. Removing it starts from a price that already includes VAT — a shop price, or an invoice total.
20% is the standard UK rate and covers most goods and services. 5% applies to things like home energy, and 0% to most food, books and children’s clothes.
You get the amount before VAT, the VAT itself and the total — because whichever one you started from, the other two are usually what you need for the books.
Knowing where a calculator stops is what makes the rest of it trustworthy.
Divide by 1.20, not subtract 20%. A £120 price including VAT is £120 ÷ 1.20 = £100 before VAT, with £20 of VAT. Subtracting 20% would give you £96, which is wrong by £4 — and the error grows with the price.
Because the 20% was added to the smaller number, not the larger one. VAT of £20 is 20% of the £100 net price, but only about 16.7% of the £120 gross price. Dividing by 1.20 reverses the original addition exactly.
The standard rate is 20% and has been since 4 January 2011. The reduced rate is 5% and the zero rate is 0%. Which one applies depends on what you are selling, not on your business.
Zero-rated supplies are taxable at 0%, so you can still reclaim VAT on your costs. Exempt supplies are outside VAT altogether and you cannot reclaim. This calculator handles zero-rated; exempt items have no VAT to calculate.
The rate presets are UK. But the arithmetic is the same anywhere — pick "Other" and type your own rate, and the add and remove calculations work identically.